Business & Financial [F-I]
Foreign Corporation
A corporation, which was incorporated under the laws of a foreign country, here also called alien corporation. Also, a corporation doing business in a state other than the one in which it is incorporated here also called out-of-state corporation.
Fraudulent Claim
The submission of a claim, which contains false information, is a crime. You may not claim any item, which you did not own or did not ship. It is also illegal to deliberately falsify purchase prices, dates of purchase, quantities, or similar information.
Frequency
Several definitions: 1) Number of times an average person or home is exposed to a media vehicle (or group of vehicles), within a given time period. (2) The position of a television or radio station's broadcast signal within the electromagnetic spectrum.
Future value
The amount of cash at a specified date in the future that is equivalent in value to a specified sum today.
Futures price
The price at which the parties to a futures contract agree to transact on the settlement date.
Gamma
The ratio of a change in the option delta to a small change in the price of the asset on which the option is written.
General Account
A margin account provided to a customer by a brokerage, in Federal Reserve Board terminology. Regulation T requires that all transactions involving credit given to the customer must be made in a general account.
Globalization
Tendency toward a worldwide investment environment, and the integration of national capital markets.
Goodwill
Reputation for a product or service standard. A company's value over and above the physical property and accounts receivables.
Group Insurance
Any insurance plan under which a number of employees and their dependents are insured under a single master policy, issued to their employer or to an association, with individual certificates given to each insured individual. The most commonly written lines are health life and accident.
Guarantee
The assumption of responsibility for payment of a debt or performance of some obligation if the liable party fails to perform to expectations.
Immunization
The construction of an asset and a liability that are subject to offsetting changes in value.
Incentive
Additional pay (above and beyond the base salary or wage) awarded to an employee.
Income Protection Insurance Policy
A disability income policy, which specifies that an insured be disabled if he or she suffers an income loss caused by a disability, therefore qualifying him or her for benefits under the policy.
Income Statement
A detailed summary of the income and expenses of a business over a period of time (usually quarterly, semiannually or annually) showing the net income or loss incurred.
Indemnification
The compensation to the victim of a loss, in whole or in part, by payment, repair, or replacement.
Individual Insurance
An individual life or health insurance policy purchased on an individual basis (as distinct from group and blanket insurance.) Sometimes called personal insurance.
Inflation
A phase of the business cycle characterized by abnormally high prices, a decrease in the purchasing power of money, and spiraling costs and wage rates. Inflation may occur when purchasing power is in excess of goods and services for sale, and/or buyers stampede to convert money into commodities or when production costs and prices advance to consecutively higher levels.
Insolvency Clause
In reinsurance, a clause that holds the reinsurer liable for its share of loss assumed under the treaty, even though the primary insurer is insolvent.
Insurance
A means of providing or purchasing protection against some of the economic consequences of loss. Risk of loss is transferred to a third party in exchange for a 'consideration' or premium. This exchange creates an insurance contract.
Insurer
The insurance company or party that provides the insurance policy.
Interest Rate
That percentage of a principal sum earned from investment or charged upon a loan.
Intrinsic Motivation
An incentive that originates from the behavior itself rather than from an external reward or reinforcement. Thus, intrinsically motivated behavior.
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