Technology [C-D]
Codec
(1) Short for compressor/decompressor, a codec is any technology for compressing and decompressing data. Codecs can be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of both. Some popular codecs for computer video include MPEG, Indeo and Cinepak.
(2) In telecommunications, (short for coder/decoder) a device that encodes or decodes a signal. For example, telephone companies use codecs to convert binary signals transmitted on their digital networks to analog signals converted on their analog networks.
Collaboration technology
Software, platforms, or services that enable people at different locations to communicate and work with each other in a secure, self-contained environment. May include capabilities for document management, application sharing, presentation development and delivery, whiteboarding, chat, and more.
Compressed video
Video signals compressed in order to reduce the bandwidth needed for transmission. Some information is sacrificed in the process, which may result in lower quality.
Compression
Reducing the amount of data units required to represent information, necessary especially when transmitting video. Decompression reverses the result of compression.
Content
Information captured digitally and imparted to learners. Formats for e-learning content include text, audio, video, animation, simulation, and more.
Cookie
A message given by a web server to a web browser, which stores the message in a text file. The message is then sent back to the server each time the browser requests a page from the server. The main purpose of cookies is to identify users and possibly prepare customized Web pages for them. Cookies can be disabled in the browser.
Course Management System (CMS)(aka Learning Management System — LMS)
Software that automates the administration of a class web site. These often include modules for online class discussions, grade books, homework turn-in and pickup, class calendars, and tools to make it easy to upload documents and link to electronic course reserves.
Courseware
Software designed to be used in an educational program.
CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
An HTML feature that enables web page developers and users to specify the way a web page appears when displayed in a browser, by applying a number of different style sheets to the page. Each style sheet controls a different design element or set of design elements.
Cyberspace
The nebulous "place" where humans interact over computer networks; term coined by William Gibson in Neuromancer.
Default
A setting that the computer system uses automatically, unless it is changed by the user.
Delivery
Any method of transferring content to learners, including instructor-led training, Web-based training, CD-ROM, books, and more. Audio that has been encoded in a digital form for processing, storage, or transmission.
DHTML (Dynamic HTML)
Is the combination of HTML, style sheets and scripts that allows documents to be animated. Dynamic HTML allows a web page to change after it's loaded into the browser --there doesn't have to be any communication with the web server for an update.
Digital audio
Refers to the reproduction and transmission of sound stored in a digital format. This includes CDs as well as any sound files stored on a computer. In contrast, the telephone system (but not ISDN) is based on an analog representation of sound.
Digital editing
Editing a portion of a movie by digitizing one or more frames and altering them electronically or combining them with other digitized images, and then printing the modified frame.
Discussion boards
Forums on the Internet or an intranet where users can post messages for others to read.
Distance education
A type of education, typically college-level, where students work on their own at home or at the office and communicate with faculty and other students via e-mail, electronic forums, videoconferencing, chat rooms, bulletin boards, instant messaging and other forms of computer-based communication. Most distance learning programs include a computer-based training (CBT) system and communications tools to produce a virtual classroom. Because the Internet and World Wide Web are accessible from virtually all computer platforms, they serve as the foundation for many distance learning systems.
Download
To copy data to your computer from another computer over a computer network; the opposite of upload.
DVD (Digital Video Disc)
Optical disks that are the same size as CDs but are double-sided and have larger storage capacities. DVDs can hold several gigabytes on a single disc. Most CDs by contrast can only hold 600 megabytes each.
DVI (Digital Visual Interface)
A digital interface standard created by the Digital Display Working Group (DDWG) to convert analog signals into digital signals to accommodate both analog and digital monitors.
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