Travel & Tourism [T-Z]
Traveler
Definitions very, but in general a traveler is someone who leaves their own economic trade area, (usually going a distance of a minimum of fifty to one hundred miles) and stays overnight.
Underdevelopment
Within development theory, the concept of underdevelopment suggests that wealthy capitalist countries have held back the development of so
called Third World countries. Tourism in Third World destinations is controlled for the economic benefit of foreign owners, reinforces dependency, lacks involvement of local decision makers, leads to negative sociocultural impacts, and results in the promotion of staged attractions to capture an international tourism market.
Urban recreation
the concept of urban recreation covers recreational activity that takes place in an urban environment in contrast to a rural setting. Participants in such activities are either urban residents themselves, day visitors from rural areas, or tourists. The major activities are shopping, visits to heritage sites, museums, movie theatres, operas, sport and music events, and indoor sports activities.
VFR
Visiting friends and relatives
Visitor
any person visiting a country other than that in which he has his usual place of residence for any reason other than following an occupation remunerated from within the country visited.
Visitor Arrivals
includes all who go through immigration clearance regardless of length of stay. This excludes the following
Visitor Expenditure
includes expenditure incurred during a visitor's stay in Singapore, or prepayment by non
package tour visitors (this took effect from 1995). This excludes
Visitors Center
Travel information center located at a destination to make it easier for visitors to plan their stay; often operated by a convention and visitors bureau, chamber of commerce or tourism promotion organization.
Vouchers
Forms or coupons provided to a traveler who purchases a tour that indicate that certain tour components have been prepaid. Vouchers are then exchanged for tour components like accommodations, meals, sightseeing, theater tickets, etc. during the actual trip.
West, the
The world's rich nations
ie Western Europe, the US, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and (economically, although perhaps not culturally) Japan. Also referred to as the, the .
Wholesaler
Develop and markets inclusive tours and individual travel programs to the consumer through travel agents. Wholesalers do not sell directly to the public.
World Commission on Environment and Development
Established by the United Nations General Assembly in 1983 to examine international and global environmental problems and to propose strategies for sustainable development. Chaired by Norwegian Prime Minister Gro Harlem Brundtland, the independent commission held meetings and public hearing around the world and submitted a report on its inquiry to the General Assembly in 1987.
World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD)
The World Summit on Sustainable Development takes place from 26 August
4 September 2002 in Johannesburg, South Africa. Governments, UN agencies, and civil society organisations will come together to assess progress since the UN Conference on Environment and Development held in Rio in 1992 (hence the title 'Rio + 10' for the Johannesburg meeting). Sustainable development is defined in the report from the Rio meeting as being 'economic progress which meets all of our needs without leaving future generations with fewer resources than those we enjoy'.
World Tourism Organisation (WTO)
the World Tourism Organisation, a UN
related institution based in Madrid that collects data on tourism and lobbies on behalf of the industry.
World Tourism Organisation (WTO)
A UN
affiliated organisation based in Madrid and comprising government and industry representatives, that compiles statistics and guidelines and promotes global tourism.
World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC)
The WTTC is made up of chief executives from all sectors of the tourism industry, including accommodation, catering, cruises, entertainment, recreation, transportation and travel
related services. Its central goal is to work with governments to realise the full economic impact of tourism. Its millennium vision is to make tourism a strategic economic and employment priority, to move towards open and competitive markets, to pursue sustainable development, and to eliminate barriers to growth.
World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC)
An organisation based in Brussels and London and made up of the chief executives of the world's largest travel companies, that lobbies on behalf of the tourism industry.
Xenophobia
Xenophobia is an irrational fear or contempt of strangers or foreigners. This ancient cultural and political phenomenon is also present in contemporary tourism, mainly manifesting itself in the hostile attitudes of residents towards tourists. Xenophobia should be considered in domestic and international tourism in terms of economic, social and cultural distance, which is accentuated by the type and the number of tourists and the rate of tourism development.
Yield management
the concept of maximising the revenue by raising or lowering prices in respect to demand is known as yield management. The necessary conditions for a successful application of yield management include a fairly fixed capacity, high fixed costs, low variable costs, fluctuations in demand and similarity of inventory capacity. Yield management was popularised with the deregulation of the US airline industry and it is extensively used by this and other tourism sectors.
Yield percentage
To demonstrate the variable effect of both average price rates and occupancy rates, tourism managers develop a comparison focusing upon the yield rates during a given period of time. Managers can increase the yield rate (see yield management) by raising rates when demand is high.
Zoning
Zoning seeks to regulate land uses by separating them based on incompatibility, or allowing like/compatible uses to co
exist. A basic principle of tourism zoning is the conservation of specific environmental features such as wetlands, archaeological and historic sites, important stands of vegetation and unusual geological features. Related to this is the maintenance of visual diversity. Also important is the achievement of successful functional groupings of resort facilities and activities, such as accommodation, commercial and cultural facilities, and recreation facilities in suitable areas. Buffer zones containing mixtures of tourism facilities and less fragile environmental preservation requirements may also be designated.
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